The thyroid is one of the main glands in the human body, producing hormones capable of regulating cellular metabolism and acting on calcium absorption and can be affected by several diseases. Among these, the nodular lesion in the parenchyma of the gland stands out, representing a large portion of the cases treated susgically. This study aims to evaluate the epidemiological profile of patients undergoing thyroidectomies performed at a Secundary Hospital at Fortaleza (CE) and to relate details of the pathologies of each patient with the chosen treatmentand its complications. Thus, it presents data through a retrospective descriptive design with a quantitative and qualitative approach of patients undergoing thyroidectomy being performed at José Martiniano Alencar Hospital and Maternity from March 2018 to August 2019. The survey was 75 (seventy-five) patients aged between 31 and 50 years old and females represent more than 97,3% of patients, corroborating what is observed in literature. The incidence of the Bethesda classification for patients was shown in the majority of patients with bening findings (Bethesda II), with a percentage of 40,5%. This concludes the importance of this study with regard to presenting the profile of patients undergoing thyroidectomy as well as the results of this surgery when performed ins a secundary hospital.